自顶向下：层次聚类

层次聚类（Hierarchical clustering）

wikipedia 这样写到：Connectivity based clustering, also known as hierarchical clustering.In the data mining community these methods are recognized as a theoretical foundation of cluster analysis, but often considered obsolete.可见，层次聚类这类算法实际上基于数据之间的连通性，如今这类方法更多的作为聚类分析的一种理论基础，单纯的层次聚类算法很少被实际应用。